Different steps of design process in aerospace structures, interaction of design parameters in the complete design process and the necessity of the preliminary prediction of Structural geometrydictate the presence of a general parametric design method for preliminary sizing of different Structural components. The design method of Structural index concept is a simultaneous design and analysis process that can provide complete details of panel geometry by having the Structural index and material properties of a stiffened panel. In this paper, the design and analysis process of compressed stiffened panel is described by Structural index concept with general configuration and the results are extracted with two different approaches. Then the results are modified to confirm the common iterative methods. Finally, the results are compared with the results of current methods. In addition to its application as a design method, Structural index concept also can be used to determine optimal region of design space and choose initial design points which required for numerical optimization methods based on analytical or F.E.M methods.

Competition law is a newcomer to the legal system recently. A sound understanding of competition policy can provide us with sufficient bases to apply a fundamental and normative view of the issues of competition law. The difference in supervision and regulation determines how the market functions and in order to understand this difference one must understand competition policy. Competition policy may be based on governmental support for national production and industry or on a non-interventional and regulatory posture. Moreover, supervision, based on the principle of non-intervention in the market mechanism, is rooted in liberal ideas; however, regulation, whether as a rule or an exception, is based on the assertion that the market has been ineffective in attaining its goals. Therefore, the government will resort to interventions to regulate inefficiencies.  This paper aims to analyze Supervisory Authority in Implementing Competitive Policy by employing the description method. In this article the author tries to first delineate competition policy, its related requirements and imposed deviations to the market. Then, by defining the supervisory entity and clarifying its distinction from the regulatory institutions, the author considers the characteristics of an appropriate supervisory entity conducting a comparative study of this issue in Iran and the U.S.A. This form of Competition policy because of its applicable experiences which have been well described by recent scholarship is considered suitable for the native system.

Compression stiffened panels are reinforced skins that are mainly subjected to axial compressive load and are widely used in aerospace structures. Iterative design loops are the common methods for these types of structure. Design methodology based on Structural index concept is a coupled design and analysis method. In this method detailed design of the compression stiffened panel is fully accomplished based on the key parameters of Structural index and material properties of the panel. The complete design is obtained in single stage in an analytical and explicit manner. In this paper the design methodology of stiffened panel using Structural index concept that could be applied on selective configuration of compression stiffened panel (including selection of stiffener type and the type of panel: integral or skin-stringer) is analyzed. The results are extracted and modified from two different approaches to manage the results of common iteration methods that are currently used in the preliminary sizing of stiffened panel. This procedure could be regarded as a near optimum design and therefore would be more conservative with respect to common methods. Final results of the derived methodology are compared with reported and FEM results. The results could be considered an acceptable design; furthermore, they can be used as an appropriate starting point in numerical optimization methods.

Background and objectives: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the most common mononeuropathy encountered in clinical practice. Conventional electro diagnosis studies have been useful in the diagnosis of this condition. The Terminal Latency index (TLI) is a derived neurophysiological value that adjusts the Distal motor Latency (DL) for the terminal distance and motor nerve Conduction Velocity (CV).Several studies have suggested utility of the median TLI for diagnosis of CTS.The goal of this study is to evaluate prospectively the sensitivity of the median TLI in the diagnosis of CTS and compare it with other electrodiagnosis techniques.Material and Methods: This study was done on 111 patients as CTS group & 62 healthy subject as control group. In all groups five selected tests of electrodiagnosis were done and all of them were compared with TLI sensitivity.Results: The mean TLI was 0.3±0.05 in the CTS group and 0.42±0.03 in the control group. The sensitivity of TLI was 73% The TLI wasn't statistically better than the other tests, but in three cases from the CTS group, the TLI was the only abnormal test.The 7 and 14 cm method had meaningful sensitivity in contrary to other tests.Conclusion: The sensitivity of TLI has no meaningful difference with other routine electro diagnostic tests in diagnosis of CTS.The median TLI is a useful but not more sensitive electrodiagnostic test for CTS.

Introduction: Three methods of OCRA index, Strain index (SI), and ACGIH HAL have been proposed for the assessment of risk factors of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders. Investigating the correlation and consistency of these three methods are of prominence importance in the workplaces. Thus, this study aimed to determine the correlations of the results of the above mentioned methods. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 150 tasks were studied in four industries. For each task, a video taping of a full working cycle was prepared and evaluated according to the instructions of each method. The level of risk exposure to musculoskeletal disorders was analyzed with correlation and Kappa agreement coefficient tests using SPSS (version 16) and R software packages.Results: The correlation between the results of risk assessments of OCRA and SI methods for right and left hands were acceptable and equal to 0.751 and 0.726, respectively (p<0.001). Meanwhile, the coefficients of agreement between OCRA and HAL methods for left and right hands were 0.526 and 0.595, respectively.Conclusion: These findings partly confirmed the agreement between the methods of risk assessment. The origin of this partial agreement can be the number and type of variables and their impacts on the final score of the methods.

In order to survive in the complex environment, budget programming or forecasting models have been criticized as inadequate for today’s business environment. Organizations have to use strategic planning to evaluate internal and external situation, then formulate proper strategies and implement them. The key to execute strategy is to have people in the organization understand it. Strategy map has a significant role in the strategic management due to describing strategies of organization and to help people understand strategies. Strategy map is essentially a graphical depiction of the causal model of an organization’s strategy then developing the causal model of the strategy is also important. This paper presents innovative approach to determine causal relationship and levels of strategic objectives in strategy map. For this purpose an interpretive Structural modeling (ISM) based approach has been employed to strategy map. This paper also utilizes the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) methodology to understand the interrelationships among the objectives so that those driving objectives, which can affect others and those dependent objectives, which are most influenced by driving objectives are identified. It emphasizes that interrelationship among objectives isn’t only down to up, it is on both side. An actual example of a small case pipe and fittings manufacturing company provides some managerial insights into the methodology.

1. Introduction: In Structural reliability analysis, we encounter parameters which do not possess constant determined values and are of random and vague identity in nature. Hence, we inevitably face a sort of uncertainty in the safety assessment of structures. The nature of uncertainties and the methods of their modeling in assessing safety of structures have been of researcher’s interest for many years [1].